/* ============================================
   IISFS.org — IISS-Inspired Design System
   ============================================ */

*, *::before, *::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

:root {
    --blue: #183b78;
    --blue-light: #1e4a8a;
    --blue-dark: #0f2a5a;
    --red: #c41e3a;
    --red-hover: #a01830;
    --white: #ffffff;
    --off-white: #f7f8fa;
    --gray-100: #f1f3f5;
    --gray-200: #e9ecef;
    --gray-300: #dee2e6;
    --gray-500: #868e96;
    --gray-600: #6c757d;
    --gray-700: #495057;
    --gray-800: #343a40;
    --gray-900: #212529;
    --font-serif: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
    --font-sans: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
    --font-ui: 'Noto Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
    --max-width: 1200px;
    --header-height: 64px;
}

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }

body {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--gray-800);
    background: var(--white);
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }

a { color: var(--blue); text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.15s; }
a:hover { color: var(--red); }

h1, h2, h3, h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    color: var(--gray-900);
    line-height: 1.25;
    font-weight: 700;
}

h1 { font-size: 2.5rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.75rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1rem; }

p { margin-bottom: 1rem; }

.container { max-width: var(--max-width); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 32px; }

/* ============================================
   HEADER — Clean, white, minimal (IISS-style)
   ============================================ */
.header {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
    height: var(--header-height);
    background: var(--white);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    z-index: 100;
}

.header-inner {
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 32px;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

.logo {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--blue);
    text-decoration: none;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    letter-spacing: -0.2px;
}

.logo-img {
    height: 36px;
    width: auto;
}

.footer .logo-img {
    height: 44px;
}

.tagline {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-left: 12px;
    padding-left: 12px;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--gray-300);
}

.nav { display: flex; gap: 28px; align-items: center; }
.nav a {
    color: var(--gray-700);
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.15s;
}
.nav a:hover, .nav a.active { color: var(--blue); }

.mobile-menu-btn {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 8px;
}
.mobile-menu-btn span {
    display: block;
    width: 22px;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--gray-700);
    margin: 4px 0;
    transition: background 0.2s;
}

/* ============================================
   HERO — Full-width banner (IISS-style)
   ============================================ */
.hero {
    margin-top: var(--header-height);
    position: relative;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f2a5a 0%, #183b78 40%, #1e4a8a 100%);
    padding: 100px 32px 80px;
    color: var(--white);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 20% 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0.04) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 80% 20%, rgba(255,255,255,0.03) 0%, transparent 40%);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 3.5px;
    opacity: 0.85;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.hero h1 {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 3rem;
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto 24px;
    line-height: 1.15;
}

.hero p {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    opacity: 0.85;
    max-width: 650px;
    margin: 0 auto 40px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.hero-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 16px;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.hero-btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 12px 28px;
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s;
}

.hero-btn-primary {
    background: var(--white);
    color: var(--blue);
}

.hero-btn-primary:hover {
    background: var(--gray-100);
    color: var(--blue-dark);
}

.hero-btn-outline {
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
    color: var(--white);
}

.hero-btn-outline:hover {
    border-color: var(--white);
    color: var(--white);
}

/* ============================================
   SECTIONS
   ============================================ */
.section { padding: 64px 0; }
.section-alt { background: var(--off-white); }

.section-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: baseline;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
    padding-bottom: 16px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.section-header h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.8px;
    color: var(--gray-700);
}

.section-header a {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--blue);
}

/* ============================================
   FEATURED ARTICLE — Magazine hero card
   ============================================ */
.featured {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 0;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    background: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 48px;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: box-shadow 0.2s;
}

.featured:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
}

.featured-illustration {
    min-height: 400px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 5rem;
    color: var(--white);
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
}

.featured-body {
    padding: 48px 40px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
}

.article-tag {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--red);
    letter-spacing: 0.8px;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.featured-body h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    line-height: 1.25;
}

.featured-body h2 a { color: var(--gray-900); }
.featured-body h2 a:hover { color: var(--blue); }

.featured-body p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--gray-600);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.article-meta {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--gray-500);
}

.read-more {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--blue);
    margin-top: 8px;
}

.read-more:hover { color: var(--red); }

/* ============================================
   ARTICLE CARDS — 3-column grid
   ============================================ */
.article-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 24px;
}

.article-card {
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    background: var(--white);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: box-shadow 0.2s;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.article-card h3 {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.article-card p {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--gray-600);
}

.article-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
}

.article-illustration {
    width: 100%;
    height: 180px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 3rem;
    color: var(--white);
}

.article-body { padding: 20px 22px; }

.article-body h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    margin: 8px 0;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.article-body h3 a { color: var(--gray-900); }
.article-body h3 a:hover { color: var(--blue); }

.article-body p {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--gray-600);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.article-date {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    margin-top: 8px;
}

/* ============================================
   RESEARCH LIST — Horizontal cards
   ============================================ */
.research-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 20px;
}

.research-card {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    background: var(--white);
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: box-shadow 0.2s;
}

.research-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
}

.research-card-img {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 220px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

.research-card-body {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 24px 28px;
}

.research-card-body h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin: 6px 0 8px;
    color: var(--gray-900);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.research-card-body p {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--gray-600);
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ============================================
   EXPERT CARDS
   ============================================ */
.experts-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 24px;
}

.expert-card {
    padding: 24px;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    background: var(--white);
    transition: box-shadow 0.2s;
}

.expert-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
}

.expert-name {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.expert-name a { color: var(--gray-900); }
.expert-name a:hover { color: var(--blue); }

.expert-title {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    color: var(--red);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.expert-email {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    color: var(--blue);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.expert-areas {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 6px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.expert-areas span {
    padding: 3px 10px;
    background: var(--gray-100);
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    color: var(--gray-600);
}

.expert-card p {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--gray-600);
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ============================================
   EVENT CARDS
   ============================================ */
.events-list {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 20px;
}

.event-card {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    padding: 20px 22px;
    border: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    background: var(--white);
    transition: box-shadow 0.2s;
}

.event-card:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
}

.event-date {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 60px;
    text-align: center;
}

.event-date-day {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    color: var(--blue);
    line-height: 1;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.event-date-month {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.event-content h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.event-content h3 a { color: var(--gray-900); }
.event-content h3 a:hover { color: var(--blue); }

.event-time {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    color: var(--blue);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.event-tags {
    display: flex;
    gap: 6px;
    margin-top: 8px;
}

.event-tag {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.62rem;
    padding: 2px 8px;
    background: var(--gray-100);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    color: var(--gray-600);
}

/* ============================================
   FULL ARTICLE PAGE
   ============================================ */
.full-article {
    max-width: 750px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.full-article .article-illustration {
    height: 380px;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.full-article h1 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.full-article .article-meta {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
    padding-bottom: 16px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.full-article p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.85;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--gray-700);
}

.full-article h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    margin: 36px 0 16px;
}

/* ============================================
   ABOUT PAGE
   ============================================ */
.about-hero {
    margin-top: var(--header-height);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f2a5a, #183b78);
    padding: 64px 32px;
    color: var(--white);
}

.about-hero h1 {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 2.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.about-hero p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    opacity: 0.8;
    max-width: 600px;
}

.about-content {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.about-content p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.85;
    color: var(--gray-700);
}

.about-content h2 {
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    margin: 40px 0 16px;
}

.about-content ul {
    padding-left: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.about-content li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--gray-700);
}

/* ============================================
   CONTACT PAGE
   ============================================ */
.contact-info {
    max-width: 650px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.contact-section {
    margin-bottom: 36px;
}

.contact-section h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.8px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--blue);
    color: var(--gray-700);
}

.contact-item {
    padding: 10px 0;
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-100);
}

.contact-item strong {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    color: var(--gray-500);
    margin-bottom: 4px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* ============================================
   NEWSLETTER
   ============================================ */
.newsletter {
    background: var(--blue);
    padding: 56px 32px;
    text-align: center;
}

.newsletter h2 {
    color: var(--white);
    font-family: var(--font-serif);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.newsletter p {
    color: var(--white);
    opacity: 0.7;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.newsletter-form {
    display: flex;
    max-width: 460px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.newsletter-form input {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.3);
    border-right: none;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
    color: var(--white);
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.newsletter-form input::placeholder { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); }
.newsletter-form input:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--white); }

.newsletter-form button {
    padding: 12px 24px;
    background: var(--red);
    color: var(--white);
    border: none;
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.2s;
}

.newsletter-form button:hover { background: var(--red-hover); }

/* ============================================
   FOOTER — Clean, minimal
   ============================================ */
.footer {
    background: var(--gray-900);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 56px 32px 28px;
}

.footer-grid {
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 40px;
    padding-bottom: 36px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
}

.footer-brand p {
    opacity: 0.5;
    margin-top: 14px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.footer h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.footer-links { list-style: none; }
.footer-links li { margin-bottom: 10px; }
.footer-links a {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transition: color 0.15s;
}
.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--white); }

.footer-contact {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    opacity: 0.5;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.footer-bottom {
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding-top: 24px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.footer-bottom p {
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    opacity: 0.4;
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-social { display: flex; gap: 10px; }
.footer-social a {
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.2s;
}
.footer-social a:hover { background: var(--blue); }

/* ============================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .article-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
    .experts-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .nav { display: none; }
    .tagline { display: none; }
    .mobile-menu-btn { display: block; }
    .article-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .experts-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .events-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .featured { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .featured-illustration { min-height: 260px; }
    .featured-body { padding: 28px 24px; }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 28px; }
    .hero h1 { font-size: 2rem; }
    .hero { padding: 72px 24px 56px; }
    .event-card { flex-direction: column; }
    .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; text-align: center; }
    .research-card { flex-direction: column; }
    .research-card-img { width: 100%; height: 160px; }
    .research-card-body { padding: 20px; }
}

/* ============================================
   MOBILE NAV
   ============================================ */
.mobile-nav {
    position: fixed;
    top: var(--header-height);
    left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 24px 32px;
    transform: translateX(100%);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    z-index: 99;
    overflow-y: auto;
}
.mobile-nav.active { transform: translateX(0); }
.mobile-nav a {
    display: block;
    padding: 16px 0;
    font-family: var(--font-ui);
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--gray-800);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
    text-decoration: none;
}
.mobile-nav a:hover { color: var(--blue); }

/* ============================================
   UTILITY
   ============================================ */
.text-center { text-align: center; }
.mb-0 { margin-bottom: 0; }